Outline four features of organophosphate poisoning.

1. Symptoms: Organophosphate poisoning can cause a range of symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, dizziness, confusion, weakness, and difficulty breathing. In severe cases, it can lead to seizures, coma, and death.

2. Mechanism of action: Organophosphates work by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which is responsible for breaking down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. This leads to an accumulation of acetylcholine in the body, causing overstimulation of the nervous system and muscles.

3. Treatment: Treatment for organophosphate poisoning typically involves administering atropine to counteract the effects of excess acetylcholine, as well as pralidoxime to reactivate acetylcholinesterase. Supportive care, such as respiratory support and monitoring of vital signs, may also be necessary.

4. Long-term effects: Organophosphate poisoning can have long-term effects on the nervous system, including cognitive impairment, memory loss, and mood disorders. Chronic exposure to organophosphates has also been linked to an increased risk of developing certain neurological conditions, such as Parkinson's disease.