Why are the following steps taken when preparing a cross-section of a leaf for viewing under the microscope? (a) Cutting a thin section. (b) Placing the section in water.

(a) Cutting a thin section: This step is taken to ensure that the leaf section is thin enough to allow light to pass through it easily, enabling clear and detailed observation under the microscope.

(b) Placing the section in water: Placing the section in water helps to prevent the leaf from drying out and becoming distorted during the observation process. It also helps to maintain the structural integrity of the leaf cells, making it easier to observe their features accurately.

(a) Cutting a thin section:

- To improve light penetration: A thin section allows light to pass through the leaf tissue, enabling clear visualization of internal structures.
- To reduce scattering and reflection: A thicker section would scatter and reflect light, making it difficult to see details.

(b) Placing the section in water:

- To prevent desiccation: Water keeps the section hydrated, preventing it from drying out and becoming brittle.
- To clear the tissue: Water helps remove air bubbles and other obstructions that can obscure the view.
- To provide a refractive index similar to the tissue: This minimizes refraction and distortion of light, improving image clarity.

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