Define production of tablets and capsules?

The production of tablets and capsules refers to the manufacturing process of creating solid dosage forms of medication or supplements that are intended for oral administration. Tablets are compressed solid forms that typically contain active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) along with various excipients such as binders, fillers, and disintegrants. Capsules, on the other hand, are solid dosage forms that enclose the API within a gelatin or vegetarian shell.

The production process involves several steps, including formulation development, blending of ingredients, granulation (if required), compression or encapsulation, coating (if necessary), and packaging. The formulation development stage involves determining the appropriate combination and quantity of APIs and excipients to achieve the desired therapeutic effect and ensure stability.

Blending involves mixing the API and excipients uniformly to create a homogenous mixture. Granulation may be performed to improve the flowability and compressibility of the blend. Compression is the process of compressing the granulated or blended mixture into tablet form using a tablet press. Encapsulation involves filling the API or blend into empty capsule shells using encapsulation machines.

Coating may be applied to tablets or capsules to enhance appearance, protect the drug from degradation, or modify drug release characteristics. Coating can be done using various techniques such as film coating, sugar coating, or enteric coating.

Finally, the produced tablets or capsules are packaged in appropriate containers, such as blister packs or bottles, and labeled for distribution and use. Quality control measures are implemented throughout the production process to ensure the safety, efficacy, and consistency of the final product.