University as a shareholders?

It is possible for a university to be a shareholder in a company. Universities often have endowments or investment funds that they use to invest in various companies and industries. By becoming a shareholder, the university can potentially earn a return on their investment and have a say in the company's decision-making processes. However, universities typically have strict guidelines and criteria for selecting companies to invest in, and they may prioritize socially responsible or ethical investments.

University as a Shareholder

Universities can serve as shareholders in corporations for various reasons:

Investment and Financial Returns:

- Universities invest endowments and other funds in stocks and bonds, including those of corporations.
- Dividends and capital appreciation provide a source of income and increase the university's financial resources.

Influence and Corporate Governance:

- As shareholders, universities have voting rights and can influence corporate decisions.
- They can advocate for ethical and sustainable practices, social responsibility, and diversity within corporations.

Research and Innovation Partnerships:

- Universities can partner with corporations to conduct research, develop new products and technologies, and access specialized resources.
- Shareholder status can facilitate these collaborations and create a mutually beneficial relationship.

Education and Career Opportunities:

- Universities can provide students with insights into corporate governance and financial markets through shareholder involvement.
- Graduates with experience in shareholder roles can be well-prepared for careers in business, finance, and consulting.

University-led Shareholders:

Some universities have established their own shareholder engagement programs:

- Harvard University Management Company: Manages the university's endowment and votes shares on behalf of its principles, promoting sustainability, responsible corporate governance, and social justice.
- Yale University Office of Investments: Focuses on impact investing, aligning its investments with the university's mission and social values.
- University of California Investment Office: Adopts a "values-based" approach to shareholder engagement, considering environmental, social, and governance factors in its investment decisions.

Benefits of University Shareholder Engagement:

- Return on investments: Financial returns can support university operations, research initiatives, and educational programs.
- Corporate accountability: Universities can hold corporations accountable for their actions and promote positive social change.
- Student engagement: Involvement in shareholder activism can provide students with practical experience and develop their critical thinking and analytical skills.
- Alignment with university mission: Shareholder engagement can align with the university's values and contribute to its broader educational and societal goals.

Challenges of University Shareholder Engagement:

- Conflicts of interest: Universities may have financial interests in corporations that conflict with their mission-driven priorities.
- Time and resources: Shareholder engagement requires significant time and resources, which may divert from other university activities.
- Limited influence: Universities often hold a small percentage of shares, limiting their voting power and ability to influence corporate decisions.
- Mission creep: Shareholder engagement can lead to universities taking on roles that may not be aligned with their traditional educational and research functions.

1. ONE

ا)   رَتِبْ حُرُوفْ التَالِيْ لَتُكَوِنْ مِنْهَا كَلِمَات مُفِيْدَةٌ (5mks)
1) ا ل ص ورة
(2 إ ع ر ا ب
3) ك ل م ا ت
4) م ه ا ر ا ت
5) ل م ن                                                                                                                                   
6) ي ف ع ل
(7 و ا ص ل
(8  م اذ ا
(9 ش م س
(10 م د رس
ب  (حَلِلْ كَلِمَات  التَالِيَةُ اِلَى حُرُوفْ 5mks))
  1( مَتَى
  (2 سوق
  (3 عسل
  (4 السيارة
(5 السكون
6) اسرتي
(7 برتقال
(8  الثعبان
(9 كبير
(10 حَرَكَات
ج) (5MKS) TRANSLITERATE THE FOLLOWING TERMS
(1 خُبْزاً
(2 غَزَالًا
(3 اَرْنَبٌ
(4 سَيَّارَةٌ
(5 ثَلَاجَةٌ
6) حَرَكَات
(7 كِينيَا
(8  تَنْزَانِيَا
(9 الكَسْرَةُ
(10 الْجَرَسُ

د ( ضَعْ دَائِرَةُ عَلَى حُرُوفْ - ح - ج - غ - د - هه -  ت - ك  (5mks)
(1 حقيبة
  (2يغرد
  (3جمل
  (4ببغاء
(5 يشبه
(6 مكتب
(7 كتاب
(8

QUESTION TWO

(5mks) Write the following words using Arabic letters ا)
Malaabis (1   
  Kitab (2
Sukar (3
Qalam(4
Bustaan (5
Shughl(6
Makhzan (7
walad (8

ب( ضَعْ دَائِرَةُ عَلَى الحَرَكَات الطَوِيْلَة(5MKS)
(1 صُورَة
(2 طُيُور
(3 مَهَا
(4 أختي
(5 عَامل
(6 مجدي
(7 تين
(8 وُرُود
(9 تَاب
(10 حُرُوفْ

ج (حَدِدْ الكَلِمَات التَى بِها اللَام قَمَرِية وَللاَم الَشمْسِية (10 MKS)
هدهد- حوت - سيارة - حصان - موز- عصفور- ذئب - تمساح- صندوق - التفاح - جمل - دراجة - برتقال- منزل- علم- دلو- كلب – تاج –باب – أرنب


اللَام القَمَرِيَّة
اللَام الشَمْسِيَّة

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