Distinguish between implicit memory and explicit memory?

Implicit memory refers to the unconscious memory of skills and procedures, such as riding a bike or tying shoelaces. It is typically acquired through repetition and practice, and does not require conscious effort to recall.

Explicit memory, on the other hand, refers to the conscious memory of facts and events, such as remembering a specific birthday or historical event. It involves the deliberate effort to recall information and is typically stored in the hippocampus and other parts of the brain associated with conscious thought and awareness.

Implicit Memory

- Unconscious retrieval of information
- Involves automatic and effortless processes
- Examples: priming, procedural memory (e.g., riding a bike)
- Not subject to conscious control or verbalization
- Less affected by aging and brain damage

Explicit Memory

- Conscious and intentional retrieval of information
- Involves deliberate effortful processes
- Examples: episodic memory (e.g., remembering a personal experience), semantic memory (e.g., knowing that Paris is the capital of France)
- Subject to conscious control and verbalization
- More affected by aging and brain damage

Key Differences:

- Consciousness: Implicit memory is unconscious, while explicit memory is conscious.
- Effort: Implicit memory is effortless, while explicit memory requires effort.
- Control: Implicit memory is not subject to conscious control, while explicit memory is.
- Retention: Implicit memory is less affected by aging and brain damage, while explicit memory is more affected.
- Types of information: Implicit memory primarily retrieves procedural and priming information, while explicit memory retrieves episodic and semantic information.