Classify chemicals based on their uses.

Chemicals can be classified into various categories based on their uses. Some common categories include:

1. Industrial chemicals: These are chemicals used in various industries for manufacturing processes, such as solvents, acids, bases, and catalysts.

2. Agricultural chemicals: These are chemicals used in agriculture for pest control, fertilization, and crop protection, such as pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers.

3. Pharmaceutical chemicals: These are chemicals used in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of drugs and medications, such as active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and excipients.

4. Personal care chemicals: These are chemicals used in personal care products, such as cosmetics, skincare products, and hair care products, such as surfactants, emollients, and preservatives.

5. Food additives: These are chemicals added to food products to improve their taste, texture, appearance, and shelf life, such as preservatives, flavor enhancers, and colorants.

6. Environmental chemicals: These are chemicals used for environmental remediation, pollution control, and waste management, such as disinfectants, deodorizers, and water treatment chemicals.

7. Specialty chemicals: These are chemicals used in specific applications or industries, such as electronic chemicals, construction chemicals, and textile chemicals.

8. Laboratory chemicals: These are chemicals used in research laboratories for experiments, testing, and analysis, such as reagents, solvents, and standards.

1. Acids and Bases
- Acids: Used in cleaning solutions, batteries, and fertilizers.
- Bases: Used in detergents, soaps, and antacids.

2. Salts
- Table salt (sodium chloride): Used for seasoning and preserving food.
- Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate): Used as a leavening agent and cleaning agent.

3. Metals
- Iron: Used in construction, transportation, and machinery.
- Aluminum: Used in food packaging, cookware, and aircraft.

4. Nonmetals
- Oxygen: Essential for breathing and combustion.
- Carbon: Found in graphite, diamonds, and organic compounds.

5. Organic Compounds
- Hydrocarbons: Found in fossil fuels, plastics, and lubricants.
- Alcohols: Used in solvents, cleaning agents, and beverages.
- Esters: Used in fragrances, flavors, and solvents.

6. Inorganic Compounds
- Water (H2O): Essential for life and many industrial processes.
- Carbon dioxide (CO2): Used in fire extinguishers, beverages, and photosynthesis.

7. Chemical Reagents
- Acids, bases, and salts used in laboratory experiments and chemical analysis.
- Indicators: Used to detect the presence of specific substances in a reaction.

8. Pharmaceuticals
- Medications used to treat diseases and improve health.
- Antibiotics: Kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria.
- Analgesics: Relieve pain.

9. Cosmetics
- Make-up, lotions, and fragrances used to enhance personal appearance.
- Moisturizers: Hydrate the skin.
- Sunscreen: Protects the skin from harmful ultraviolet radiation.

10. Pesticides
- Chemicals used to control pests, such as insects, rodents, and weeds.
- Insecticides: Kill insects.
- Herbicides: Kill weeds.