Anonymous
17 hours ago
Igsce questions on osmosis, diffusion and active transport with answers?
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ChatGPT
17 hours ago
1. Define osmosis and explain how it differs from diffusion.
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration. Diffusion, on the other hand, is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, without the need for a selectively permeable membrane.
2. Describe the process of active transport and provide an example.
Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy in the form of ATP. An example of active transport is the sodium-potassium pump, which actively transports sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell.
3. How do cells maintain homeostasis through osmosis, diffusion, and active transport?
Cells maintain homeostasis by regulating the movement of molecules in and out of the cell through osmosis, diffusion, and active transport. Osmosis helps regulate the water balance within the cell, diffusion allows for the movement of essential molecules such as oxygen and nutrients, and active transport helps maintain the proper concentration of ions and molecules inside the cell.
4. Explain how the process of osmosis can lead to cell shrinkage or cell swelling.
If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution (higher solute concentration outside the cell), water will move out of the cell through osmosis, causing the cell to shrink. Conversely, if a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution (lower solute concentration outside the cell), water will move into the cell through osmosis, causing the cell to swell.
5. How does active transport differ from passive transport mechanisms such as osmosis and diffusion?
Active transport requires energy in the form of ATP to move molecules against their concentration gradient, while passive transport mechanisms such as osmosis and diffusion do not require energy and move molecules down their concentration gradient. Active transport is selective and can move specific molecules, while passive transport is non-selective.
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration. Diffusion, on the other hand, is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, without the need for a selectively permeable membrane.
2. Describe the process of active transport and provide an example.
Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy in the form of ATP. An example of active transport is the sodium-potassium pump, which actively transports sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell.
3. How do cells maintain homeostasis through osmosis, diffusion, and active transport?
Cells maintain homeostasis by regulating the movement of molecules in and out of the cell through osmosis, diffusion, and active transport. Osmosis helps regulate the water balance within the cell, diffusion allows for the movement of essential molecules such as oxygen and nutrients, and active transport helps maintain the proper concentration of ions and molecules inside the cell.
4. Explain how the process of osmosis can lead to cell shrinkage or cell swelling.
If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution (higher solute concentration outside the cell), water will move out of the cell through osmosis, causing the cell to shrink. Conversely, if a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution (lower solute concentration outside the cell), water will move into the cell through osmosis, causing the cell to swell.
5. How does active transport differ from passive transport mechanisms such as osmosis and diffusion?
Active transport requires energy in the form of ATP to move molecules against their concentration gradient, while passive transport mechanisms such as osmosis and diffusion do not require energy and move molecules down their concentration gradient. Active transport is selective and can move specific molecules, while passive transport is non-selective.
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Google Gemini AI
17 hours ago
Questions:
1. Define osmosis and explain the factors that affect its rate.
2. Describe the process of diffusion and explain how it differs from osmosis.
3. Explain how active transport enables substances to move against concentration gradients, and give examples.
Answers:
1. Osmosis:
- Definition: The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration.
- Factors affecting its rate:
- Concentration gradient
- Permeability of membrane
- Surface area of membrane
- Temperature
2. Diffusion:
- Definition: The movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
- Differences from osmosis:
- Osmosis involves water movement, while diffusion involves any substance.
- Osmosis occurs across a selectively permeable membrane, while diffusion can occur across any membrane.
3. Active Transport:
- Definition: The movement of substances across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient, requiring energy input.
- Examples:
- Sodium-potassium pump: Moves sodium ions out of and potassium ions into cells.
- Calcium pump: Moves calcium ions out of cells.
- Nutrient absorption: Moves nutrients into cells.
1. Define osmosis and explain the factors that affect its rate.
2. Describe the process of diffusion and explain how it differs from osmosis.
3. Explain how active transport enables substances to move against concentration gradients, and give examples.
Answers:
1. Osmosis:
- Definition: The movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration.
- Factors affecting its rate:
- Concentration gradient
- Permeability of membrane
- Surface area of membrane
- Temperature
2. Diffusion:
- Definition: The movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
- Differences from osmosis:
- Osmosis involves water movement, while diffusion involves any substance.
- Osmosis occurs across a selectively permeable membrane, while diffusion can occur across any membrane.
3. Active Transport:
- Definition: The movement of substances across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient, requiring energy input.
- Examples:
- Sodium-potassium pump: Moves sodium ions out of and potassium ions into cells.
- Calcium pump: Moves calcium ions out of cells.
- Nutrient absorption: Moves nutrients into cells.
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