Argumentative?

Yes, being argumentative means being inclined to argue or disagree with others. It can be seen as a negative trait if it leads to conflict or hostility, but it can also be a positive trait if it is used constructively to challenge ideas and stimulate critical thinking. Ultimately, whether being argumentative is seen as a positive or negative trait depends on how it is expressed and the intentions behind it.

Yes, the text is argumentative. The author presents a claim (that the death penalty is not a deterrent to crime) and then provides evidence to support that claim. The author uses logic and reason to try to persuade the reader to agree with their point of view.