1. a) Define the following terms as used in Growth and Development. (5 marks) i) Growth ii) Development iii) Adolescent iv) Infancy v) Autonomy b) Outline the importance of establishing an identity.

a)
i) Growth: Growth refers to the physical changes that occur in an individual over time, such as an increase in height, weight, and muscle mass.

ii) Development: Development refers to the overall process of growth and change that occurs in an individual over their lifespan, including physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development.

iii) Adolescent: An adolescent is a young person who is transitioning from childhood to adulthood, typically between the ages of 10 and 19 years old.

iv) Infancy: Infancy is the stage of development from birth to around 2 years old, characterized by rapid physical growth and development.

v) Autonomy: Autonomy refers to the ability of an individual to make independent decisions and take responsibility for their own actions.

b) Establishing an identity is important for several reasons:
- It helps individuals develop a sense of self-awareness and self-esteem, leading to a stronger sense of self-confidence.
- It allows individuals to understand their own values, beliefs, and interests, which can guide their decision-making and behavior.
- Having a clear identity can help individuals form meaningful relationships with others, as they are better able to communicate their needs and boundaries.
- It can provide a sense of purpose and direction in life, helping individuals set goals and work towards achieving them.
- Establishing an identity can also contribute to mental and emotional well-being, as individuals who have a strong sense of self are more likely to experience greater overall satisfaction and fulfillment in life.

a) Definitions:

i) Growth: Physical increase in size, weight, and complexity of an organism.
ii) Development: Progressive changes in an organism's abilities, skills, and behaviors over time.
iii) Adolescent: A person between the ages of 12 and 18 who is transitioning from childhood to adulthood.
iv) Infancy: The period from birth to 18 months, when an infant undergoes rapid physical and cognitive development.
v) Autonomy: A sense of independence and self-reliance.

b) Importance of Establishing an Identity:

Establishing an identity is crucial for adolescents as it:

- Provides a sense of belonging and purpose: Identity helps adolescents connect with their peers and feel a part of a group.
- Enhances self-esteem: A clear and positive identity boosts confidence and self-worth.
- Facilitates decision-making: A strong identity provides a foundation for making informed choices about one's future.
- Promotes emotional stability: A secure identity helps adolescents cope with the challenges and transitions of adolescence.
- Prepares for adulthood: Identity development lays the groundwork for successful relationships, career choices, and independent living in adulthood.