There are three levels of protein interactions: multi-subunit proteins, multi-component protein complexes, and transient, ordered associations between different proteins. In particular, the last protein interaction exists widely in living organisms and plays a role in various life activities such as material metabolism, signal transduction, cell growth and death. Commonly used methods to study protein interactions are: tandem affinity purification, co-immunoprecipitation, yeast two hybrid, phage display and chemical cross-linking, etc. XLMS