What is fever?

Fever is a temporary increase in body temperature, often due to an illness or infection. It is the body's natural response to fighting off infections and is usually a sign that the immune system is working to combat the underlying cause of the fever. Fever is typically defined as a body temperature above 100.4°F (38°C) when taken orally.

Definition:

Fever is a temporary elevation in body temperature above the normal range, typically defined as an oral temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher.

Causes:

Fever is usually a response to an infection or other underlying medical condition that triggers the release of pyrogens (chemicals that raise body temperature). Common causes of fever include:

- Infections (viral, bacterial, parasitic)
- Autoimmune disorders
- Certain medications
- Trauma or injury
- Cancer

Symptoms:

Along with an elevated temperature, fever can cause other symptoms such as:

- Chills
- Sweating
- Headache
- Muscle aches
- Fatigue
- Nausea
- Loss of appetite

Importance:

Fever is a protective response of the body that helps fight infection by stimulating the immune system and inhibiting the growth of bacteria and viruses. However, prolonged or high fever can be harmful and require medical attention.

Treatment:

Treatment for fever depends on the underlying cause. In most cases, fever is self-limited and will resolve on its own. Over-the-counter medications such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen can be used to reduce fever and alleviate symptoms.

When to See a Doctor:

Seek medical attention if:

- Fever is accompanied by severe symptoms such as confusion, stiff neck, or difficulty breathing
- Fever persists for more than 24 hours in adults or 48 hours in children
- Fever is accompanied by a rash or other skin changes
- Fever is recurrent or unexplained