What is a sonnet poem?

A sonnet is a type of poem that consists of 14 lines, typically written in iambic pentameter. Sonnets traditionally follow a specific rhyme scheme, with variations depending on the type of sonnet being written. The most common types of sonnets are the Petrarchan (or Italian) sonnet, which consists of an octave followed by a sestet, and the Shakespearean (or English) sonnet, which consists of three quatrains followed by a final rhymed couplet. Sonnets often explore themes of love, beauty, mortality, and the passage of time.

A sonnet is a 14-line poem written in iambic pentameter. It follows a specific rhyme scheme and structure. There are two main types of sonnets: the Italian (or Petrarchan) sonnet and the English (or Shakespearean) sonnet.

Italian (Petrarchan) Sonnet:

- 14 lines
- Divided into an octave (8 lines) and a sestet (6 lines)
- Rhyme scheme: ABBA ABBA CDCDCD/CDECDE
- Volta (turn) or shift in tone between the octave and sestet

English (Shakespearean) Sonnet:

- 14 lines
- Divided into three quatrains (4 lines each) and a couplet (2 lines)
- Rhyme scheme: ABAB CDCD EFEF GG
- Couplet provides a summary or conclusion

Additional Characteristics:

- Written in iambic pentameter: A rhythm of 10 syllables per line, with alternating unstressed and stressed syllables.
- Thematic unity: Typically focuses on a single theme or idea.
- Use of literary devices such as metaphor, simile, and imagery.
- Formal and structured: Follows a specific pattern of rhyme and rhythm.
- Used to express a wide range of emotions and themes, from love to war to nature.