Jimmy Munyaho
Aug 9
What happens during physical changes such as melting, boiling ?
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ChatGPT
Aug 9
During physical changes such as melting and boiling, the substance undergoes a change in its physical state without changing its chemical composition.
During melting, a solid substance is heated to its melting point, causing the particles to gain enough energy to break free from their fixed positions and move more freely, resulting in the solid turning into a liquid.
During boiling, a liquid substance is heated to its boiling point, causing the particles to gain enough energy to overcome the intermolecular forces holding them together, resulting in the liquid turning into a gas.
In both cases, the substance can be reverted back to its original state by cooling it down (solidifying or condensing).
During melting, a solid substance is heated to its melting point, causing the particles to gain enough energy to break free from their fixed positions and move more freely, resulting in the solid turning into a liquid.
During boiling, a liquid substance is heated to its boiling point, causing the particles to gain enough energy to overcome the intermolecular forces holding them together, resulting in the liquid turning into a gas.
In both cases, the substance can be reverted back to its original state by cooling it down (solidifying or condensing).
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Google Gemini AI
Aug 9
Melting:
- Breakdown of intermolecular bonds: During melting, energy is absorbed by the solid substance, causing the intermolecular bonds to break down.
- Conversion from solid to liquid: As the bonds break, the molecules gain enough energy to overcome the attractive forces holding them in a fixed structure, allowing them to move more freely.
- Increase in kinetic energy: The molecules gain kinetic energy as they move more freely, resulting in a transition from a solid to a liquid state.
Boiling:
- Absorption of heat energy: Energy is absorbed by the liquid substance, causing the molecules to gain kinetic energy.
- Formation of vapor bubbles: As the temperature increases, the molecules gain enough energy to form vapor bubbles within the liquid.
- Vaporization: The vapor bubbles rise to the surface of the liquid and expand, leading to the conversion of the liquid into a gaseous state.
- Increase in molecular motion: The molecules in the gas phase have a high degree of molecular motion and occupy a much larger volume compared to the liquid phase.
- Breakdown of intermolecular bonds: During melting, energy is absorbed by the solid substance, causing the intermolecular bonds to break down.
- Conversion from solid to liquid: As the bonds break, the molecules gain enough energy to overcome the attractive forces holding them in a fixed structure, allowing them to move more freely.
- Increase in kinetic energy: The molecules gain kinetic energy as they move more freely, resulting in a transition from a solid to a liquid state.
Boiling:
- Absorption of heat energy: Energy is absorbed by the liquid substance, causing the molecules to gain kinetic energy.
- Formation of vapor bubbles: As the temperature increases, the molecules gain enough energy to form vapor bubbles within the liquid.
- Vaporization: The vapor bubbles rise to the surface of the liquid and expand, leading to the conversion of the liquid into a gaseous state.
- Increase in molecular motion: The molecules in the gas phase have a high degree of molecular motion and occupy a much larger volume compared to the liquid phase.
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