What are the features of selection control structures?

1. Conditional statements: Selection control structures allow the program to make decisions based on certain conditions. This is typically done using if-else statements or switch-case statements.

2. Multiple paths: Selection control structures allow the program to take different paths based on the outcome of the condition. This allows for more flexibility in the program's logic.

3. Boolean expressions: Selection control structures typically use boolean expressions to evaluate conditions. These expressions can be simple comparisons (e.g. x > y) or more complex logical operations (e.g. x > y && z < w).

4. Nesting: Selection control structures can be nested within each other, allowing for more complex decision-making processes. This can be useful when multiple conditions need to be evaluated in a specific order.

5. Default case: Some selection control structures, such as switch-case statements, include a default case that is executed if none of the other conditions are met. This can help prevent unexpected behavior in the program.

6. Error handling: Selection control structures can be used to handle errors or edge cases in the program. By checking for specific conditions, the program can respond appropriately to unexpected inputs or situations.

Selection Control Structures

1. Purpose:
- Control the flow of execution based on conditions.

2. Types:

- If Statement:
- Checks for a condition and executes specific code if true.
- If-else Statement:
- Checks for a condition and executes different code based on whether the condition is true or false.
- Switch Statement:
- Selects a specific case to execute based on the value of an expression.

3. Key Features:

- Condition:
- A boolean expression that evaluates to true or false.
- True Branch:
- Code that is executed when the condition is true.
- False Branch (Optional):
- Code that is executed when the condition is false (only in if-else statements).

4. Syntax:

- If Statement:
```
if (condition) {
// true branch
}
```

- If-else Statement:
```
if (condition) {
// true branch
} else {
// false branch
}
```

- Switch Statement:
```
switch (expression) {
case value1:
// code for value1
case value2:
// code for value2
// ...
default:
// default code (optional)
}
```

5. Execution Flow:

- The condition is evaluated first.
- If the condition is true, the true branch is executed.
- If the condition is false (in if-else statements), the false branch is executed.
- Otherwise, the next statement in the sequence is executed.

6. Control Flow:

- Conditional Execution:
- Code is executed based on the outcome of a condition.
- Branching:
- Execution jumps to different parts of the code depending on the condition.

7. Applications:

- Decision-making
- Input validation
- Error handling
- Menu systems
- State machines