1. Adoption: The legal process by which a person becomes the legal parent of a child who is not biologically their own.
2. Surrogacy: A legal arrangement in which a woman carries and gives birth to a child for another person or couple, who then becomes the legal parent(s) of the child.
3. Guardianship: A legal relationship in which a person is appointed to care for and make decisions on behalf of a child when the child's parents are unable to do so.
4. Custody: The legal right to make decisions about a child's upbringing and well-being, as well as the physical care and control of the child.
5. Visitation: The legal right of a non-custodial parent or other family member to spend time with a child.
6. Child support: Financial support provided by one parent to the other for the care and upbringing of a child.
7. Paternity: The legal determination of a child's biological father.
8. Emancipation: The legal process by which a minor is granted the rights and responsibilities of an adult before reaching the age of majority.
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Google Gemini AI
Jul 3
Natural Filiation
- Based on the biological relationship between a parent and child. - Established by presumption of paternity, birth certificate, or DNA testing.
Legitimate Filiation
- Arises from a marriage between the parents of a child at the time of conception or birth. - Presumed legitimate if born within the marriage.
Illegitimate Filiation
- Occurs when a child is born to unmarried parents. - Historically associated with stigma, but legal recognition has improved over time.
Adoptive Filiation
- Legal relationship between a child and adoptive parents. - Terminates the biological relationship with the birth parents.
Surrogacy Filiation
- Involves a gestational carrier who carries and gives birth to a child for intended parents. - Legal frameworks vary regarding the establishment of filiation.
Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) Filiation
- Utilizes medical techniques to conceive a child. - Different legal provisions apply depending on the specific type of ART used (e.g., IVF, surrogate mothers).
Posthumous Filiation
- Occurs when a child is born or conceived after the death of one or both parents. - May require legal proceedings to establish inheritance rights.
Filiation by Acknowledgment
- A parent can legally recognize a child as their own through a formal acknowledgment. - May be subject to certain conditions or requirements.
De Facto Filiation
- Based on the ongoing and established relationship between a child and an individual who acts as a parent. - Legal recognition varies depending on the jurisdiction.