State the meaning of the following: Anasarca Ataxic gait Succussion splash Fluid thrill Outline 5 features of splenomegaly on examination.

Anasarca: Severe and generalized edema throughout the body, often seen in conditions such as heart failure, liver cirrhosis, or kidney disease.

Ataxic gait: A walking pattern characterized by unsteadiness and lack of coordination, often seen in conditions affecting the cerebellum or sensory nerves.

Succussion splash: A splashing sound heard on auscultation of the abdomen when the patient is shaken, indicating the presence of air and fluid in the stomach or intestines.

Fluid thrill: A palpable wave-like sensation felt when one hand is placed on one side of the body and the other hand taps or pushes fluid in a different location, indicating the presence of fluid accumulation.

Features of splenomegaly on examination:
1. Enlarged spleen palpable below the left costal margin
2. Firm consistency on palpation
3. Dullness to percussion over the spleen
4. Possible splenic bruit on auscultation
5. Possible associated symptoms such as left upper quadrant pain or fullness

Meaning of Terms:

- Anasarca: Generalized swelling of the body due to fluid accumulation.
- Ataxic gait: Uncoordinated, irregular gait, often seen in cerebellar disorders.
- Succussion splash: A splashing sound heard on percussing the abdomen of a patient with ascites.
- Fluid thrill: A palpable wave-like sensation transmitted through the chest or abdomen when the patient is shaken laterally.

Features of Splenomegaly on Examination:

1. Enlargement of the spleen: Painless swelling of the left upper quadrant.
2. Palpable notch: The spleen has a characteristic notch that may be felt on palpation.
3. Blunt edge: The spleen feels smooth and blunt, unlike the sharp edge of the liver.
4. Mobility with respiration: The spleen moves down with inspiration and up with expiration.
5. Splenic rub: A grating sound heard on auscultation over the spleen, especially in cases of splenic infarction.