State any four difference between graphites and diamond?

1. Structure: Graphite has a layered structure with each carbon atom bonded to three other carbon atoms in a hexagonal pattern, while diamond has a three-dimensional network structure with each carbon atom bonded to four other carbon atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement.

2. Hardness: Diamond is the hardest known natural material, scoring a 10 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, while graphite is relatively soft and has a score of 1-2 on the Mohs scale.

3. Electrical conductivity: Graphite is a good conductor of electricity due to the delocalized electrons in its structure, while diamond is an insulator and does not conduct electricity.

4. Appearance: Graphite is opaque and has a dark grey to black color, while diamond is transparent and colorless (although it can also occur in various colors due to impurities).

| Feature | Graphite | Diamond |
|---|---|---|
| Structure | Layers of hexagonally arranged carbon atoms | Cubic structure of carbon atoms |
| Physical appearance | Black, opaque | Transparent, colourless |
| Electrical conductivity | Good electrical conductor | Poor electrical conductor |
| Thermal conductivity | Poor thermal conductor | Good thermal conductor |