Outline the first aid treatment for swallowing nitric acid.

1. Call for emergency medical assistance immediately.
2. Do not induce vomiting as this can cause further damage to the throat and esophagus.
3. Rinse the mouth with water to help dilute the acid and prevent further damage.
4. Offer the person milk or water to drink to help neutralize the acid.
5. Monitor the person for signs of difficulty breathing, chest pain, or other symptoms of internal damage.
6. Keep the person calm and reassure them while waiting for medical help to arrive.

First Aid Treatment for Swallowing Nitric Acid:

Assess the Situation

- Determine if the person has swallowed nitric acid.
- Call for immediate medical attention (911 or emergency medical services).
- If the person is unconscious, do not attempt to give any treatment.

Dilute the Acid

- Give the person small sips of water (if conscious) to dilute the acid. Do not induce vomiting.

Neutralize the Acid

- Prepare milk of magnesia by mixing 1 cup (240 ml) of milk of magnesia with 1 cup (240 ml) of water.
- Slowly administer the milk of magnesia to the person in small sips (1-2 tablespoons every 5 minutes).

Reduce Pain and Swelling

- Apply cold compresses to the person's chest and abdomen.
- Administer over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, as directed.

Monitor the Person

- Continue to monitor the person's condition while waiting for medical help.
- If the person exhibits any signs or symptoms of shock, such as pale skin, rapid breathing, or decreased consciousness, treat for shock (see first aid for shock).

Additional Considerations

- Do not attempt to neutralize the acid with other substances, such as vinegar or baking soda, as this can produce toxic gases.
- Nitric acid is a corrosive chemical and can cause severe burns to the mouth, throat, and digestive tract.
- Hospitalization may be necessary for further treatment, including surgery and intensive care.