Other components of the criminological study field ?

1. Victimology: The study of victims of crime, including their experiences, characteristics, and the impact of crime on their lives.

2. Penology: The study of punishment and rehabilitation of offenders, including the effectiveness of different types of punishment and programs aimed at reducing recidivism.

3. Criminal justice system: The study of the institutions and processes involved in the detection, apprehension, prosecution, and punishment of criminals, including law enforcement, courts, and corrections.

4. Criminal behavior: The study of the causes and correlates of criminal behavior, including psychological, sociological, and biological factors that may contribute to criminality.

5. Comparative criminology: The study of crime and criminal justice systems across different countries and cultures, including differences in crime rates, laws, and responses to crime.

6. Environmental criminology: The study of how the physical environment and social structures influence crime patterns, including the design of neighborhoods, buildings, and public spaces.

7. Cybercriminology: The study of crimes committed using computers and the internet, including hacking, identity theft, and online fraud.

8. White-collar crime: The study of crimes committed by individuals in positions of power and trust, such as embezzlement, fraud, and insider trading.

9. Terrorism studies: The study of political violence and terrorism, including the motivations of terrorists, the tactics they use, and strategies for preventing and responding to terrorist attacks.

10. Restorative justice: An alternative approach to criminal justice that focuses on repairing harm caused by crime, promoting accountability, and restoring relationships between offenders, victims, and the community.