These are stages of psychosexual development proposed by Sigmund Freud in his psychoanalytic theory.
1. Oral stage: This stage occurs from birth to around 18 months of age, during which the primary focus of pleasure is on the mouth. Infants derive pleasure from sucking, biting, and tasting objects.
2. Anal stage: This stage occurs from around 18 months to 3 years of age, during which the primary focus of pleasure is on the anus. Children derive pleasure from controlling their bowel movements and experiencing the sensations of holding in or releasing feces.
3. Phallic stage: This stage occurs from around 3 to 6 years of age, during which the primary focus of pleasure is on the genitals. Children become aware of their own bodies and develop a curiosity about the differences between boys and girls.
4. Genital stage: This stage occurs from around puberty onwards, during which the primary focus of pleasure is on sexual intercourse and mature relationships. Individuals in this stage are able to form healthy, intimate relationships with others.
These stages are believed to influence an individual's personality and behavior throughout their life.