Meaning of irritable bowel syndrome, ischemic colitis, celiac disease, colitis?

1. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder that affects the large intestine. It is characterized by symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea, and constipation. The exact cause of IBS is unknown, but it is believed to be related to abnormal muscle contractions in the intestines, inflammation, and changes in gut bacteria.

2. Ischemic colitis is a condition in which there is reduced blood flow to the colon, leading to inflammation and damage to the colon tissue. This can result in symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, and dehydration. Ischemic colitis is often caused by a blockage or narrowing of the blood vessels supplying the colon, such as in cases of atherosclerosis or blood clots.

3. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the ingestion of gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, triggers an immune response that damages the lining of the small intestine. This damage can lead to malabsorption of nutrients and a variety of symptoms, including diarrhea, weight loss, fatigue, and skin rashes. The only treatment for celiac disease is a strict gluten-free diet.

4. Colitis is a general term that refers to inflammation of the colon. There are several types of colitis, including ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and infectious colitis. Symptoms of colitis can vary depending on the underlying cause but may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stools, and fatigue. Treatment for colitis depends on the specific type and severity of the condition.