How is HIV transmitted?

HIV is primarily transmitted through sexual contact with an infected person, sharing needles or syringes with someone who is infected, or from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding. It can also be transmitted through blood transfusions or organ transplants from an infected donor, although this is rare in countries with strict screening procedures. HIV is not transmitted through casual contact such as hugging, kissing, sharing food or drinks, or through insect bites.