Given the following structures of , pentane, 2-methylbutane and cyclobutane, what property is being illustrated and explain?

The property being illustrated in this case is the different types of isomerism.

Pentane, 2-methylbutane, and cyclobutane are all different isomers of each other. Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements.

Pentane is a straight-chain alkane with five carbon atoms. It has no branching or cyclic structure.

2-methylbutane, on the other hand, is an isomer of pentane with the same molecular formula (C5H12) but a different structural arrangement. It has a methyl group (CH3) attached to the second carbon atom, resulting in a branched structure.

Cyclobutane is another isomer of pentane with the same molecular formula but a different structural arrangement. It forms a cyclic structure with four carbon atoms.

These different isomers illustrate the concept of structural isomerism, where compounds have the same molecular formula but different connectivity of atoms. Each isomer has distinct physical and chemical properties due to their different structures.