Skeletal System
- Consists of 206 bones that provide support, protection, and mobility
- Bones store calcium and produce red blood cells
- Joints connect bones, allowing for movement
Muscular System
- Contains over 650 muscles that contract to generate movement
- Muscles are classified as skeletal, smooth, or cardiac
- Skeletal muscles are attached to bones and allow for voluntary movement
Nervous System
- Comprises the brain, spinal cord, and nerves
- Transmits and processes information throughout the body
- Controls body functions, thoughts, and emotions
Endocrine System
- Consists of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
- Hormones regulate various body functions, including growth, metabolism, and reproduction
- Major endocrine glands include the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands
Circulatory System
- Composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood
- Heart pumps blood throughout the body, carrying oxygen and nutrients
- Blood vessels transport blood to and from cells
- Blood also carries waste products and hormones
Respiratory System
- Includes the lungs, trachea, and nasal passages
- Provides the body with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
- Lungs exchange air through the process of respiration
Digestive System
- Consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum
- Breaks down food into nutrients that the body can absorb
- Eliminates waste products through defecation
Urinary System
- Comprises the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra
- Kidneys filter blood and produce urine
- Ureters transport urine to the bladder
- Bladder stores urine until it is expelled through the urethra
Reproductive System
- Male reproductive system includes the testes, penis, and accessory glands
- Female reproductive system includes the ovaries, uterus, fallopian tubes, and vagina
- Reproductive organs produce gametes (eggs and sperm) and facilitate fertilization and pregnancy
Integumentary System
- Consists of the skin, hair, nails, and sweat glands
- Provides protection, regulates body temperature, and detects sensations
- Skin is the largest organ in the human body