Forms of government applied in different countries.

1. Democracy: A system of government where the power is vested in the people, who exercise it directly or through elected representatives. Examples include the United States, Canada, and India.

2. Monarchy: A system of government where a single ruler, usually a king or queen, holds supreme authority and power. Examples include the United Kingdom, Saudi Arabia, and Japan.

3. Republic: A system of government where the country is considered a "public matter" and the head of state is an elected or appointed official, rather than a hereditary monarch. Examples include France, Germany, and Brazil.

4. Dictatorship: A system of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single leader or a small group of individuals, who often rule with absolute authority. Examples include North Korea, Cuba, and Zimbabwe.

5. Theocracy: A system of government where religious leaders hold political power and the laws are based on religious principles. Examples include Iran, Saudi Arabia, and Vatican City.

6. Oligarchy: A system of government where power is held by a small group of individuals, often from the same social, economic, or political class. Examples include Russia, China, and many African countries.

7. Federalism: A system of government where power is divided between a central government and regional governments, each with their own set of powers and responsibilities. Examples include the United States, Canada, and Australia.

8. Parliamentary system: A system of government where the executive branch derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature (parliament). Examples include the United Kingdom, Canada, and India.

9. Authoritarianism: A system of government where individual freedoms are restricted and political opposition is suppressed, often through the use of force. Examples include Belarus, Venezuela, and Syria.

10. Totalitarianism: A system of government where the state has total control over every aspect of public and private life, often through propaganda, censorship, and surveillance. Examples include North Korea, Turkmenistan, and Eritrea.

Monarchy

- Absolute Monarchy: All power is held by a single ruler, usually a king or queen.
- Constitutional Monarchy: The ruler's power is limited by a constitution and shared with other branches of government.

Republic

- Presidential Republic: The president is both the head of state and the head of government.
- Parliamentary Republic: The head of state is usually a ceremonial figure, while the head of government is the prime minister or chancellor.
- Federal Republic: Power is shared between a central government and smaller regional governments.

Other Forms

- Dictatorship: One person has absolute control over the government.
- Oligarchy: A small group of people holds political power.
- Theocracy: Religious leaders have significant political authority.
- Aristocracy: Power is concentrated in the hands of a hereditary elite.
- Socialist Republic: The government controls the means of production and aims to distribute wealth more equitably.
- Communist Republic: The government controls all aspects of economic and social life.
- Kleptocracy: A government run by corrupt leaders who use their power to enrich themselves and their cronies.

Examples

- Absolute Monarchy: Saudi Arabia, Oman
- Constitutional Monarchy: United Kingdom, Japan
- Presidential Republic: United States, Mexico
- Parliamentary Republic: France, Italy
- Federal Republic: Germany, Canada
- Dictatorship: North Korea, Syria
- Oligarchy: China, Russia
- Theocracy: Iran, Vatican City
- Socialist Republic: Cuba, Vietnam
- Communist Republic: Laos, China
- Kleptocracy: Venezuela, Equatorial Guinea

What is the difference between forms of government, system of government, and economic system