1. Digestion: The stomach plays a key role in breaking down food into smaller particles through the secretion of gastric juices and enzymes. This process helps to facilitate the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine.
2. Storage: The stomach acts as a temporary storage site for food before it is gradually released into the small intestine for further digestion and absorption.
3. Regulation of gastric emptying: The stomach controls the rate at which food is emptied into the small intestine, ensuring that the digestive process occurs at an optimal pace.
4. Secretion of gastric juices: The stomach produces hydrochloric acid and enzymes that help to break down food and kill bacteria, aiding in the digestion process.
5. Protection: The stomach lining secretes mucus that forms a protective barrier against the acidic environment of the stomach, preventing damage to the stomach wall.