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Feb 14
1. Experimental Design: This design involves manipulating an independent variable and measuring its effect on a dependent variable. For example, a researcher may investigate the impact of a new teaching method on student performance by randomly assigning students to either the experimental group (receiving the new teaching method) or the control group (receiving the traditional teaching method).
2. Observational Design: This design involves observing and recording behaviors or phenomena without manipulating any variables. For instance, a researcher may observe and document the behavior of children on a playground to understand their social interactions and play patterns.
3. Correlational Design: This design aims to examine the relationship between two or more variables without manipulating them. For example, a researcher may investigate the correlation between smoking and lung cancer by collecting data on the smoking habits and health outcomes of a large sample of individuals.
4. Quasi-Experimental Design: This design is similar to experimental design but lacks random assignment to groups. For instance, a researcher may investigate the impact of a new drug on a specific medical condition by comparing the outcomes of patients who voluntarily choose to take the drug versus those who do not.
5. Case Study Design: This design involves in-depth investigation of a single individual, group, or event. For example, a researcher may conduct a case study on a successful entrepreneur to understand the factors that contributed to their success.
6. Longitudinal Design: This design involves collecting data from the same participants over an extended period. For instance, a researcher may follow a group of individuals from childhood to adulthood to examine the long-term effects of early life experiences on their development.
7. Cross-sectional Design: This design involves collecting data from different groups of participants at a single point in time. For example, a researcher may compare the cognitive abilities of different age groups by testing individuals from each age group at the same time.
8. Mixed-Methods Design: This design combines qualitative and quantitative research methods to gain a comprehensive understanding of a research question. For instance, a researcher may use surveys and interviews to collect both numerical data and rich qualitative insights on a specific topic.
2. Observational Design: This design involves observing and recording behaviors or phenomena without manipulating any variables. For instance, a researcher may observe and document the behavior of children on a playground to understand their social interactions and play patterns.
3. Correlational Design: This design aims to examine the relationship between two or more variables without manipulating them. For example, a researcher may investigate the correlation between smoking and lung cancer by collecting data on the smoking habits and health outcomes of a large sample of individuals.
4. Quasi-Experimental Design: This design is similar to experimental design but lacks random assignment to groups. For instance, a researcher may investigate the impact of a new drug on a specific medical condition by comparing the outcomes of patients who voluntarily choose to take the drug versus those who do not.
5. Case Study Design: This design involves in-depth investigation of a single individual, group, or event. For example, a researcher may conduct a case study on a successful entrepreneur to understand the factors that contributed to their success.
6. Longitudinal Design: This design involves collecting data from the same participants over an extended period. For instance, a researcher may follow a group of individuals from childhood to adulthood to examine the long-term effects of early life experiences on their development.
7. Cross-sectional Design: This design involves collecting data from different groups of participants at a single point in time. For example, a researcher may compare the cognitive abilities of different age groups by testing individuals from each age group at the same time.
8. Mixed-Methods Design: This design combines qualitative and quantitative research methods to gain a comprehensive understanding of a research question. For instance, a researcher may use surveys and interviews to collect both numerical data and rich qualitative insights on a specific topic.
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