Distinguish observable features in Rhizopus, yeast, and Penicillium.

Rhizopus:
1. Rhizopus is a filamentous fungus with a cottony appearance.
2. It produces black sporangia containing spores.
3. Rhizopus has a fast growth rate and can spread rapidly on organic matter.

Yeast:
1. Yeast is a single-celled fungus that appears as small, round cells.
2. It reproduces asexually through budding, where a smaller cell forms on the surface of a larger cell.
3. Yeast is commonly used in baking and brewing due to its ability to ferment sugars.

Penicillium:
1. Penicillium is a filamentous fungus with a powdery appearance.
2. It produces conidiophores that bear conidia (asexual spores) in chains.
3. Penicillium is known for its antibiotic properties and is used in the production of penicillin.

Rhizopus

- Colony morphology: Rapidly growing, white to gray colonies with a cottony appearance
- Hyphae: Branched, non-septate hyphae with rhizoids (root-like structures) that penetrate the substrate
- Spores: Black or brown sporangia filled with asexual spores (sporangiospores)
- Odor: Musty or earthy smell

Yeast

- Colony morphology: Creamy or white colonies with a smooth or wrinkled surface
- Cells: Oval or spherical unicellular organisms that reproduce by budding
- Spores: Some species may produce spores, but they are usually not visible
- Odor: Yeasty or slightly alcoholic smell

Penicillium

- Colony morphology: Slow-growing, blue-green to gray colonies with a powdery or velvety appearance
- Hyphae: Septate hyphae with conidiophores (spore-producing structures)
- Spores: Greenish or bluish-green conidia (asexual spores) produced on the conidiophores
- Odor: Earthy or moldy smell