1. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
- Definition: A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction, and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.
- Symptoms: Communication difficulties, social isolation, repetitive behaviors or interests, sensory sensitivities.
- Impact: Difficulties with social relationships, learning, and communication.
2. Cerebral Palsy
- Definition: A group of developmental disorders that affect movement, posture, and muscle control.
- Symptoms: Spasticity (stiff muscles), involuntary movements, difficulty with balance and coordination.
- Impact: Physical limitations, speech difficulties, learning challenges.
3. Down Syndrome
- Definition: A genetic condition caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21.
- Symptoms: Intellectual disabilities, characteristic facial features, hypotonia (low muscle tone), heart defects.
- Impact: Developmental delays, social challenges, health issues.
4. Dyslexia
- Definition: A specific learning disorder that affects the ability to read, write, and spell.
- Symptoms: Difficulty recognizing words, slow reading speed, errors in reading and writing.
- Impact: Academic challenges, diminished self-esteem.
5. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
- Definition: A neurodevelopmental disorder that affects attention, impulse control, and hyperactivity.
- Symptoms: Inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity.
- Impact: Difficulty with academic performance, social relationships, and daily functioning.