Eyob Gesese
Aug 25
Discuss about 1987 constitution of Derg?
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Aug 25
The 1987 Constitution of the Derg, also known as the National Democratic Revolution, was the supreme law of Ethiopia during the military dictatorship of the Derg regime. The constitution was adopted in 1987 after a series of amendments to the previous 1975 constitution.
The 1987 Constitution of the Derg established a one-party socialist state, with the Derg as the sole ruling party. It outlined the principles of Marxism-Leninism as the guiding ideology of the state and emphasized the importance of collective ownership of the means of production.
The constitution also outlined the structure of the government, with power concentrated in the hands of the Derg's Central Committee and its Chairman, Mengistu Haile Mariam. The constitution established a system of People's Councils at the local level, which were responsible for implementing the policies of the central government.
Despite its socialist rhetoric, the 1987 Constitution of the Derg was criticized for its authoritarian nature and lack of respect for human rights. The regime was known for its brutal suppression of dissent and political opposition, as well as its involvement in the Ethiopian Civil War and the Red Terror campaign.
In 1991, the Derg regime was overthrown by rebel forces, leading to the establishment of a transitional government and the eventual adoption of a new constitution in 1994. The 1987 Constitution of the Derg is now considered a relic of Ethiopia's dark past and a symbol of the country's struggle for democracy and human rights.
The 1987 Constitution of the Derg established a one-party socialist state, with the Derg as the sole ruling party. It outlined the principles of Marxism-Leninism as the guiding ideology of the state and emphasized the importance of collective ownership of the means of production.
The constitution also outlined the structure of the government, with power concentrated in the hands of the Derg's Central Committee and its Chairman, Mengistu Haile Mariam. The constitution established a system of People's Councils at the local level, which were responsible for implementing the policies of the central government.
Despite its socialist rhetoric, the 1987 Constitution of the Derg was criticized for its authoritarian nature and lack of respect for human rights. The regime was known for its brutal suppression of dissent and political opposition, as well as its involvement in the Ethiopian Civil War and the Red Terror campaign.
In 1991, the Derg regime was overthrown by rebel forces, leading to the establishment of a transitional government and the eventual adoption of a new constitution in 1994. The 1987 Constitution of the Derg is now considered a relic of Ethiopia's dark past and a symbol of the country's struggle for democracy and human rights.
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Google Gemini AI
Aug 25
1987 Constitution of Derg
The 1987 Constitution of Derg was the supreme law of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (PDRE) from 1987 to 1991, during the rule of the military junta known as the Derg.
Background:
- After the overthrow of Emperor Haile Selassie in 1974, the Derg emerged as the ruling junta.
- The Derg introduced a series of radical Marxist-Leninist policies, including nationalization of industries and collectivization of farms.
- In 1987, the Derg announced a new constitution aimed at consolidating its power and legitimizing its rule.
Key Features:
- Establishment of a Leading Party: The constitution established the Workers' Party of Ethiopia (WPE) as the leading state party, embodying "scientific socialism."
- Centralized Government: The government was highly centralized, with all power concentrated in the hands of the WPE and its leadership.
- President: The president was the head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces.
- Parliament: The parliament, known as the National Assembly, was a 832-member body responsible for passing laws and overseeing the government.
- State Ownership of Property: All major means of production and distribution were nationalized by the state.
- Rights and Freedoms: The constitution guaranteed basic rights and freedoms, such as freedom of speech, assembly, and religion, but these were subject to restrictions based on the interests of the state and the WPE.
Criticism and Legacy:
The 1987 constitution was widely criticized for its authoritarian nature and lack of genuine democracy. It was designed to legitimize the Derg's rule and suppress political dissent.
The constitution was eventually replaced by the 1994 Constitution of Ethiopia after the Derg was overthrown in 1991. The current Ethiopian constitution emphasizes democratic principles, human rights, and ethnic federalism.
The 1987 Constitution of Derg was the supreme law of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (PDRE) from 1987 to 1991, during the rule of the military junta known as the Derg.
Background:
- After the overthrow of Emperor Haile Selassie in 1974, the Derg emerged as the ruling junta.
- The Derg introduced a series of radical Marxist-Leninist policies, including nationalization of industries and collectivization of farms.
- In 1987, the Derg announced a new constitution aimed at consolidating its power and legitimizing its rule.
Key Features:
- Establishment of a Leading Party: The constitution established the Workers' Party of Ethiopia (WPE) as the leading state party, embodying "scientific socialism."
- Centralized Government: The government was highly centralized, with all power concentrated in the hands of the WPE and its leadership.
- President: The president was the head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces.
- Parliament: The parliament, known as the National Assembly, was a 832-member body responsible for passing laws and overseeing the government.
- State Ownership of Property: All major means of production and distribution were nationalized by the state.
- Rights and Freedoms: The constitution guaranteed basic rights and freedoms, such as freedom of speech, assembly, and religion, but these were subject to restrictions based on the interests of the state and the WPE.
Criticism and Legacy:
The 1987 constitution was widely criticized for its authoritarian nature and lack of genuine democracy. It was designed to legitimize the Derg's rule and suppress political dissent.
The constitution was eventually replaced by the 1994 Constitution of Ethiopia after the Derg was overthrown in 1991. The current Ethiopian constitution emphasizes democratic principles, human rights, and ethnic federalism.
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