Differentiate between frequency deviation and phase deviation.

Frequency Deviation

- Definition: A change in the carrier frequency from its nominal value due to a modulating signal.
- Modulation Technique: Frequency Modulation (FM)
- Effect: Varies the spacing between the peaks and troughs of the carrier waveform.
- Bandwidth: Requires a wider bandwidth than phase deviation.
- Advantages:
- Higher noise immunity
- Less susceptible to phase shifts
- Disadvantages:
- Wider bandwidth requirement
- More complex circuitry

Phase Deviation

- Definition: A change in the phase angle of the carrier waveform from its nominal value due to a modulating signal.
- Modulation Technique: Phase Modulation (PM)
- Effect: Rotates the carrier waveform around its center point.
- Bandwidth: Requires a narrower bandwidth than frequency deviation.
- Advantages:
- Narrower bandwidth requirement
- Less complex circuitry
- Disadvantages:
- Lower noise immunity
- More susceptible to phase shifts