Differentiate between chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontal disease?

Chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontal disease are both oral health conditions that affect the gums, but they differ in terms of severity and the extent of damage they cause.

1. Chronic Gingivitis:
- Gingivitis refers to inflammation of the gums.
- Chronic gingivitis is a long-term, persistent inflammation of the gums.
- It is primarily caused by the accumulation of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth and gumline.
- Symptoms include red, swollen, and tender gums, bleeding during brushing or flossing, and bad breath.
- If left untreated, chronic gingivitis can progress to more severe forms of gum disease.

2. Chronic Periodontal Disease:
- Periodontal disease, also known as periodontitis, is a more advanced stage of gum disease.
- Chronic periodontal disease occurs when the inflammation and infection spread beyond the gums to affect the supporting structures of the teeth, including the bone and ligaments.
- It is caused by the long-term presence of plaque and tartar, which leads to the formation of deep pockets between the gums and teeth.
- Symptoms include all the signs of chronic gingivitis, along with gum recession, loose teeth, changes in bite, and pus between the teeth and gums.
- Chronic periodontal disease can result in tooth loss if not treated promptly.

In summary, chronic gingivitis is an early stage of gum disease characterized by inflammation of the gums, while chronic periodontal disease is a more advanced stage that involves damage to the supporting structures of the teeth.