Dietary Recommendations for Lactating Mothers
Energy:
- 500-1000 kcal increase per day compared to non-lactating requirements
- Adjust based on weight loss or gain
Protein:
- 1.1-1.3 grams per kilogram of body weight per day
- Good sources: lean meats, poultry, fish, beans, lentils
Carbohydrates:
- Complex carbohydrates recommended, such as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables
- Choose nutrient-rich sources over refined carbohydrates
Fats:
- 20-25% of total calories
- Include healthy fats from sources such as avocados, nuts, and olive oil
Vitamins and Minerals:
- Ensure adequate intake of vitamins and minerals, including:
- Vitamin A: 1200 mcg retinol activity equivalents (RAE)
- Vitamin C: 120 mg
- Vitamin D: 600 IU
- Vitamin B12: 2.8 mcg
- Iron: 10 mg
- Calcium: 1000 mg
- Iodine: 200 mcg
Fluids:
- Increase fluid intake to 12-16 cups of fluids per day
- Water, milk, and juice are good choices
Other Considerations:
- Choline: 450 mg per day to support brain development in infants
- Caffeine: Limit intake to less than 200 mg per day
- Alcohol: Avoid excessive alcohol consumption
- Omega-3 fatty acids: Consume at least 200 mg of DHA per day
- Supplements: Consult with a healthcare professional before taking any supplements
Foods to Avoid or Limit:
- Raw or undercooked meats, poultry, fish, and eggs
- Unpasteurized milk or cheese
- Alcohol
- Excessive caffeine
- Fish high in mercury (e.g., shark, swordfish)
- Contaminated foods
Dietary Guidelines for Specific Lifestyles:
- Vegan/Vegetarian: Ensure adequate intake of protein, iron, vitamin B12, calcium, and omega-3 fatty acids
- Diabetic: Monitor blood sugar levels and adjust insulin as needed
Note: Individual dietary needs may vary based on factors such as the mother's age, weight, activity level, and health status. It is recommended to consult with a registered dietitian or healthcare professional for personalized guidance.