Describe the adrenal gland.

The adrenal gland is a small, triangular-shaped gland located on top of each kidney. It is divided into two parts: the outer adrenal cortex and the inner adrenal medulla.

The adrenal cortex produces hormones such as cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones. Cortisol helps regulate metabolism, immune response, and stress levels. Aldosterone helps regulate blood pressure and electrolyte balance. The sex hormones produced by the adrenal cortex play a role in sexual development and function.

The adrenal medulla produces hormones called catecholamines, including adrenaline and noradrenaline. These hormones help the body respond to stress by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and energy levels.

Overall, the adrenal gland plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions and responses to stress.