1. Clinical Psychology: Clinical psychologists assess and treat mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders. They work with individuals, couples, families, and groups to help them cope with various issues such as anxiety, depression, and trauma.
2. Cognitive Psychology: Cognitive psychologists study mental processes such as perception, memory, thinking, and problem-solving. They investigate how people acquire, process, store, and retrieve information and how these processes influence behavior.
3. Developmental Psychology: Developmental psychologists study the physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development of individuals across the lifespan. They examine how people grow and change from infancy to old age and how various factors such as genetics, environment, and culture influence development.
4. Social Psychology: Social psychologists study how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the presence of others. They investigate topics such as conformity, obedience, prejudice, and group dynamics to understand how social interactions shape individual behavior.
5. Industrial-Organizational Psychology: Industrial-organizational psychologists apply psychological principles to the workplace to improve productivity, morale, and employee well-being. They may work with organizations to assess job performance, design training programs, and develop strategies for effective leadership and teamwork.