Compare & contrast the concept of Behaviorism, Constructivism & connectivism in chart?

| Concept | Behaviorism | Constructivism | Connectivism |
|-----------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------|
| Definition | Focuses on observable behaviors and | Emphasizes the active role of the | Emphasizes the importance of social |
| | external stimuli in shaping behavior. | learner in constructing knowledge | networks and connections in learning |
| | | through experiences and interactions. | |
| Learning | Passive learning through reinforcement | Active learning through exploration, | Collaborative learning through |
| Approach | and punishment. | discovery, and problem-solving. | sharing and connecting with others. |
| Role of | Learner is a passive recipient of | Learner is an active participant in | Learner is an active participant in |
| Learner | knowledge. | constructing their own understanding. | creating and sharing knowledge. |
| Teaching | Emphasizes direct instruction and | Emphasizes facilitation, guidance, and | Emphasizes collaboration, networking, |
| Approach | reinforcement. | scaffolding of learning experiences. | and leveraging of social connections. |
| Assessment | Focuses on observable behaviors and | Emphasizes authentic assessment of | Emphasizes the evaluation of |
| | outcomes. | understanding and application of | contributions to the learning community. |
| Strengths | Clear and measurable outcomes, | Encourages critical thinking, problem- | Promotes collaboration, creativity, and |
| | effective for skill acquisition. | solving, and deeper understanding. | lifelong learning skills. |
| Weaknesses | Limited focus on internal cognitive | Can be time-consuming and challenging | Relies heavily on technology and may |
| | processes, lacks emphasis on | to implement in traditional educational | overlook the importance of face-to-face |
| | creativity and critical thinking. | settings. | interactions. |

| Concept | Behaviorism | Constructivism | Connectivism |
|---|---|---|---|
| Focus | Observable behavior | Learner's experiences and interpretations | The network of connections between learners |
| Role of the learner | Passive recipient of knowledge | Active constructor of knowledge | Co-creator of knowledge in collaboration with others |
| Role of the teacher | Instructor who transmits knowledge | Facilitator who guides learners' experiences | Connector who helps learners make connections |
| Instructional methods | Repetition, reinforcement, punishment | Hands-on activities, group work, problem-solving | Online learning, social media, collaboration |
| Assessment | Objective measurement of behavior | Subjective evaluation of learners' understanding | Peer assessment, self-assessment, and authentic assessment |
| Learning environment | Structured and controlled | Open and flexible | Connected and collaborative |
| Strengths | Efficient for teaching factual knowledge and skills | Encourages active learning and critical thinking | Promotes collaboration and knowledge sharing |
| Weaknesses | Can lead to rote memorization | Can be difficult to assess learners' understanding | Can be overwhelming for learners who are not self-motivated |