Cell adhesion refers to the process by which cells interact and attach to each other or to the extracellular matrix. This interaction is essential for maintaining the structural integrity of tissues and organs, as well as for regulating various cellular functions such as migration, proliferation, and differentiation.
There are several types of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that mediate cell-cell adhesion, including cadherins, integrins, and selectins. These molecules bind to specific receptors on neighboring cells or the extracellular matrix, forming strong adhesive contacts that help cells stick together.
Cell adhesion is crucial for various physiological processes, such as embryonic development, immune response, wound healing, and tissue regeneration. Dysregulation of cell adhesion can lead to various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and developmental abnormalities.
Overall, cell adhesion plays a critical role in maintaining tissue structure and function, as well as in mediating important cellular processes in health and disease.