Briefly explain how a person can exert a lot of effort and still accomplish a task with 0 joules of work done.

A person can exert a lot of effort and still accomplish a task with 0 joules of work done if the force they are applying is perpendicular to the direction of motion. In this case, the work done is calculated as the force multiplied by the distance moved in the direction of the force. Since the force and distance are perpendicular, the work done is zero even though the person is exerting effort.

Work is defined as the transfer of energy by a force acting through a distance. In order to do work, both a force and displacement must be present. If an object is not displaced, then no work is done, regardless of the amount of force applied.

For example, a person who pushes against a wall with all their might is exerting a force, but they are not doing any work because the wall is not moving. The force is not acting through a distance, so no work is done.