In a monopolistic market structure, there are three key assumptions that differentiate it from other market structures such as perfect competition or oligopoly. These assumptions include:
1. Product differentiation: In a monopolistic market structure, firms produce goods or services that are perceived as unique or different from those of their competitors. This differentiation can be based on factors such as branding, quality, design, or features. For example, in the telecommunications industry in Zimbabwe, Econet Wireless and NetOne offer different packages and services to attract customers, creating product differentiation.
2. Limited competition: Another assumption of a monopolistic market structure is that there are few competitors in the market, or that each firm has some degree of market power. This allows firms to have some control over pricing and output decisions. In the banking sector in Zimbabwe, for example, there are a few major players such as CBZ Bank, Stanbic Bank, and Ecobank, which have some degree of market power due to limited competition.
3. Non-price competition: In monopolistic markets, firms often engage in non-price competition to attract customers. This can include advertising, branding, customer service, or product innovation. For instance, in the fast-food industry in Zimbabwe, companies like Chicken Inn and Nando's compete not only on price but also on the quality of their food, customer service, and overall dining experience.
Overall, these assumptions of product differentiation, limited competition, and non-price competition characterize a monopolistic market structure and can be observed in various industries in Zimbabwe. (Makoni, 2021).