P - pH: Acid rain typically has a pH level below 5.6, which is considered acidic. This acidity can harm aquatic life, vegetation, and infrastructure.
Q - Quality of water: Acid rain can decrease the quality of water in lakes, rivers, and streams by lowering the pH levels and increasing the concentration of harmful substances like aluminum.
R - Respiratory problems: Acid rain can worsen air quality by releasing pollutants into the air, which can lead to respiratory problems in humans and animals.
S - Soil degradation: Acid rain can leach essential nutrients from the soil, making it more difficult for plants to grow and thrive. This can have a negative impact on agriculture and ecosystems.
T - Trees: Acid rain can damage trees by leaching nutrients from the soil, weakening their roots, and making them more susceptible to diseases and pests. This can lead to widespread forest decline.
U - Urban areas: Urban areas with high levels of air pollution are more likely to experience acid rain, which can damage buildings, monuments, and other structures made of limestone or marble.
V - Visibility: Acid rain can reduce visibility by creating haze and smog, which can have negative impacts on transportation, tourism, and overall quality of life.
W - Wildlife: Acid rain can harm wildlife by contaminating their habitats, food sources, and water supplies. This can lead to population declines and disruptions in ecosystems.
X - Xenobiotics: Acid rain can interact with xenobiotics (foreign chemicals) in the environment, creating new and potentially harmful compounds that can further impact ecosystems and human health.
Y - Young organisms: Young organisms, such as fish larvae and plant seedlings, are particularly vulnerable to the effects of acid rain due to their small size and developing immune systems.
Z - Zinc: Acid rain can increase the concentration of zinc in water bodies, which can be toxic to aquatic life and disrupt the balance of ecosystems.