Comprehensive Pediatric Examination
History:
- Prenatal History:
- Maternal health and complications
- Gestational age and birth weight
- Medications and exposures
- Birth and Neonatal History:
- Mode of delivery
- Respiratory status
- Feeding history
- developmental History:
- Gross motor skills (crawling, walking, running)
- Fine motor skills (grasping, drawing)
- Language skills (babbling, words, sentences)
- Social and emotional development
- Medical History:
- Past illnesses, surgeries, hospitalizations
- Vaccinations
- Current medications and supplements
- Family History:
- Medical conditions, especially genetic disorders
- Social and economic status
Physical Examination:
General:
- Vital signs: Temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure
- Appearance: Overall condition, alertness, hydration
- Skin: Rashes, lesions, birthmarks
- Head and Neck: Shape, symmetry, fontanelles, neck stiffness
- Eyes: Redness, discharge, pupil size and reactivity
- Ears: Shape, position, hearing test
- Nose: Discharge, congestion, septum
- Mouth: Teeth, gums, tongue, palate
- Throat: Tonsils, adenoids, gag reflex
Respiratory:
- Lungs: Auscultation for breath sounds, wheezes, crackles
- Chest: Shape, symmetry, expansion
- Nasal passages: Breathing patterns
Cardiovascular:
- Heart: Auscultation for murmurs, gallops, extra sounds
- Peripheral pulses: Femoral, popliteal, pedal
Gastrointestinal:
- Abdomen: Shape, contour, palpable masses, liver span
- Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly: Percussion and palpation
- Hernias: Inguinal, umbilical
Genitourinary:
- External genitalia: Male (penis, testes) and female (labia, clitoris)
- Cryptorchidism: Palpation for undescended testes
- Hydrocele: Palpation for fluid accumulation around testes
Musculoskeletal:
- Range of motion: Joints, spine
- Muscle strength: Tone, power
- Posture: Alignment of spine, head, limbs
Neurological:
- Motor: Muscle strength, coordination, gait
- Sensory: Touch, pain, temperature
- Cranial nerves: Pupil reactivity, facial movements, hearing
- Mental status: Orientation, attention, memory
Additional Tests (as indicated):
- Height and weight measurement
- Urinalysis
- Blood tests (e.g., CBC, electrolytes)
- Imaging studies (e.g., X-ray, ultrasound)
- Developmental screening