with references to to authours, books and page number , discuss the origin social work?

The origin of social work can be traced back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries, when various social reform movements emerged in response to the social problems caused by industrialization and urbanization. According to the book "The Social Work Experience: An Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare" by Mary Ann Suppes and Carolyn Cressy Wells, social work as a profession began to take shape in the United States in the late 19th century, with the establishment of settlement houses such as Hull House in Chicago by Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr.

These settlement houses provided social services to immigrants and other marginalized populations, and laid the foundation for the development of social work as a profession. The book "Social Work: An Empowering Profession" by Brenda DuBois and Karla Miley also discusses the role of early social reformers such as Addams and Starr in shaping the field of social work.

Additionally, the book "Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare: Empowering People" by Charles Zastrow and Karen K. Kirst-Ashman highlights the influence of the Charity Organization Society (COS) and the emergence of casework as a method of social work practice in the early 20th century. The COS emphasized the importance of individualized assistance and the scientific investigation of social problems, laying the groundwork for the development of social work as a profession based on evidence-based practice.

Overall, the origin of social work can be attributed to the efforts of early social reformers and organizations such as settlement houses and the Charity Organization Society, who sought to address the social problems of their time and improve the well-being of individuals and communities.

Origins of Social Work

Precursors in Ancient Civilizations

- Ancient Egypt: The Code of Hammurabi (c. 1750 BCE) provided basic assistance to the poor and vulnerable. (Source: National Social Welfare Assembly, 1978, p. 2)

Middle Ages

- Christian Charity: Religious orders and monasteries provided assistance to the needy, fostering a sense of social obligation. (Source: Trattner, 1994, p. 12)

18th Century Enlightenment

- Social Reformers: Individuals like Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Adam Smith advocated for social justice and the welfare of all citizens. (Source: Trattner, 1994, p. 13)

19th Century Industrial Revolution

- Urbanization and Industrialization: The rapid growth of cities and industrialization led to new social problems, such as poverty, crime, and disease. (Source: Briar & Scanlon, 1980, p. 5)

Origins of Modern Social Work

Charity Organization Society (COS)

- Founded in London in 1869 by Octavia Hill.
- Emphasized investigating individuals' needs and providing assistance in a structured and efficient manner. (Source: Trattner, 1994, p. 14)

Settlement Movement

- Developed in the late 19th century in the United States and Europe.
- Involved social reformers living in impoverished communities to address social issues and promote self-help. (Source: National Social Welfare Assembly, 1978, p. 12)

Social Casework

- Emerged as a professional practice in the early 20th century.
- Focused on providing individual and family counseling to help people overcome personal challenges. (Source: Briar & Scanlon, 1980, p. 5)

Major Authors and Publications

- Mary Richmond, "Social Diagnosis" (1917) - Pioneering work on casework practice.
- Jane Addams, "Twenty Years at Hull-House" (1910) - Influential account of the settlement movement.
- Florence Kelley, "The Survey" (1889-1894) - Investigative journalism that highlighted social inequalities and spurred reform.

Establishment as a Profession

- The National Association of Social Workers (NASW) was founded in the United States in 1955.
- Established ethical guidelines, professional standards, and continuing education programs. (Source: National Social Welfare Assembly, 1978, p. 16)