With illustrations, explain how information flows in a computer from the time of entry to the time it is ready to be sent out.

1. Input: Information enters the computer through input devices such as a keyboard, mouse, or microphone.

2. Processing: The information is processed by the computer's central processing unit (CPU), which performs calculations and executes instructions.

3. Storage: The processed information is temporarily stored in the computer's memory (RAM) for quick access.

4. Output: The final output is sent to output devices such as a monitor, printer, or speakers for the user to see, hear, or interact with.

5. Transmission: If the information needs to be sent out, it is transmitted through a network connection such as Wi-Fi or Ethernet to another device or server.

Illustration:
[Input] -> [Processing] -> [Storage] -> [Output] -> [Transmission] -> [Destination]

1. Data Entry

- User enters data through input devices (e.g., keyboard, mouse, scanner)
- Data is converted into digital signals (binary code)

2. Input Devices

- Transmit digital signals to the computer's motherboard
- Example: Keyboard sends signals representing pressed keys

3. Motherboard

- Connects all the computer's components
- Directs signals to the appropriate destination

4. Central Processing Unit (CPU)

- Processes and executes instructions
- Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Performs mathematical and logical operations
- Control Unit: Coordinates the flow of data and instructions

5. Memory (RAM)

- Stores temporary data and program instructions
- Example: Holds the characters being typed while composing a message

6. Storage Devices (e.g., Hard Drive)

- Store data permanently
- Example: Saves the message after it is completed

7. Output Devices

- Transmit processed data to the user
- Example: Printer sends digital signals to produce a printed document

8. Data Output

- Data is converted back into recognizable form (e.g., text, image, sound)
- User receives the output through output devices (e.g., monitor, printer)

Example: Typing a Message

1. User types a message on the keyboard.
2. Keyboard sends digital signals to the motherboard.
3. Motherboard directs signals to the CPU.
4. CPU processes signals and stores them in RAM.
5. When complete, message is saved to the hard drive.
6. When needed, the hard drive retrieves the message and sends it to the printer.
7. Printer converts digital signals into physical characters, printing the message on paper.