With examples, discuss Independent variable?

An independent variable is a variable that is manipulated or changed by the researcher in an experiment to observe its effect on the dependent variable. It is the variable that is hypothesized to cause a change in the dependent variable.

For example, in a study examining the effect of different study techniques on exam scores, the independent variable would be the study technique being used. The researcher would manipulate this variable by assigning participants to different study techniques, such as flashcards, reading, or practice tests, to see how it impacts their exam scores.

In another example, in a study looking at the effect of different doses of a medication on blood pressure, the independent variable would be the dose of the medication administered. The researcher would manipulate this variable by giving participants different doses of the medication to see how it affects their blood pressure.

Overall, the independent variable is the variable that is changed or manipulated by the researcher to observe its effect on the dependent variable in an experiment.

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