With examples, differentiate between semantic and distributional criteria.

Semantic criteria refer to the meaning or content of a word or phrase, while distributional criteria refer to the context in which a word or phrase appears.

Example of semantic criteria:
- The word "cat" refers to a small domesticated carnivorous mammal, typically with soft fur, a short snout, and retractile claws.

Example of distributional criteria:
- In the sentence "The cat sat on the mat," the word "cat" appears before the verb "sat" and is followed by the preposition "on." This distributional pattern helps us understand the role of "cat" in the sentence.

Semantic Criteria

- Meaning-based: Focuses on the actual meaning or content of the word.
- Example: Synonymity (e.g., "car" and "automobile"), antonymy (e.g., "hot" and "cold"), hyponymy (e.g., "dog" and "animal").

Distributional Criteria

- Occurrence-based: Focuses on the distribution of the word in the text.
- Example: Collocation (e.g., "the cat sat"), frequency (e.g., "the" is more frequent than "onomatopoeia"), part-of-speech tagging (e.g., "dog" is a noun, "run" is a verb).

Examples of Semantic and Distributional Criteria

Semantic:

- Synonymy: "car" and "automobile" have the same meaning.
- Antonymy: "hot" and "cold" have opposite meanings.
- Hyponymy: "dog" is a type of "animal."

Distributional:

- Collocation: "the cat sat" is a common phrase.
- Frequency: "the" is more frequent than "onomatopoeia."
- Part-of-speech: "dog" is a noun, "run" is a verb.

Note: Semantic criteria can sometimes be inferred from distributional criteria. For example, if two words are often used together (collocation), they may have a similar meaning (synonymy). However, this is not always the case, as distributional criteria alone cannot fully capture the meaning of words.