An explanation have to be given after a drawing of a zener region
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Mar 10
The zener region is a specific operating region of a zener diode where it operates in reverse bias and maintains a constant voltage across its terminals.
In the diagram below, the zener diode is connected in reverse bias with a voltage source Vz applied across its terminals. When the voltage across the diode reaches the zener voltage (Vz), the diode starts conducting and maintains a constant voltage drop of Vz across its terminals. This allows the zener diode to regulate the voltage and protect the circuit from voltage spikes.