Why was Berlin wall built? ?

The Berlin Wall was built by the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) in 1961 to prevent East Germans from fleeing to West Berlin, which was part of West Germany. The wall was constructed to stop the mass emigration of East Germans to the more prosperous and politically free West Germany. It was also intended to serve as a physical and ideological barrier between the capitalist West and the communist East during the Cold War.

The Berlin Wall was built by the German Democratic Republic (GDR, East Germany) beginning on 13 August 1961 to prevent its population from fleeing to West Germany (the Federal Republic of Germany, or FRG). The barrier included guard towers placed along large concrete walls, which circumscribed (and cut off) the sectors of Berlin that were occupied by Soviet troops. The Eastern Bloc claimed that the Wall was erected to protect its population from fascist elements conspiring to prevent the "building of socialism" in East Germany. Many Western politicians and the media in the West considered the Wall to be the most prominent symbol of the "Iron Curtain" that divided Europe during the Cold War.