The expansion of the concept of security should best provide the following groups and entities:
Individuals and Communities:
- Personal security: Protection from physical harm, violence, and crime.
- Economic security: Access to basic necessities, employment, and stable living conditions.
- Health security: Access to healthcare, clean water, and sanitation.
- Environmental security: Protection from environmental threats, such as pollution, climate change, and resource scarcity.
- Community resilience: Strengthening the ability of communities to withstand and recover from shocks and stresses.
States and Nations:
- National security: Defense against threats to sovereignty, territorial integrity, and critical infrastructure.
- Border security: Control over borders to prevent illegal entry, drug trafficking, and terrorism.
- Economic security: Stable economy, access to essential resources, and protection of strategic industries.
- Political security: Stability of government and democratic institutions, protection from internal and external threats.
- Environmental security: Cooperation on transboundary environmental issues, such as pollution and climate change.
International System:
- Global health security: Prevent and control the spread of infectious diseases.
- Nuclear security: Non-proliferation and control of nuclear weapons.
- Cybersecurity: Protection of critical infrastructure and data from cyberattacks.
- Energy security: Access to reliable and affordable energy sources.
- Humanitarian security: Protection of vulnerable populations in conflict or disaster zones.
Other Stakeholders:
- Vulnerable groups: Individuals and communities who face increased security risks, such as women, children, refugees, and minorities.
- Businesses and Corporations: Protection of assets, employees, and reputation from security threats.
- Non-governmental organizations (NGOs): Support for humanitarian efforts, peacebuilding, and environmental conservation.
- International organizations: Cooperation on global security issues, such as the United Nations and the World Bank.
By expanding the concept of security to include these broader dimensions, it can better address the complex and interconnected security challenges facing individuals, states, and the international community in the 21st century.