The concept of formal education and schools in Nigeria can be traced back to the early 19th century when Christian missionaries such as Thomas Birch Freeman, Henry Townsend, and Samuel Ajayi Crowther established schools to educate local populations. However, the modern education system in Nigeria was established by the British colonial government in the early 20th century. The first formal school in Nigeria was established in 1843 by the Church Missionary Society in Badagry, Lagos State.