Which software can be categorized as system software?

1. Operating systems (e.g. Windows, macOS, Linux)
2. Device drivers
3. Firmware
4. Utility software (e.g. antivirus programs, disk defragmenters)
5. Virtual machine managers

- Operating systems (e.g., Windows, macOS, Linux)
- Device drivers
- File managers
- Utilities (e.g., disk defragmenters, anti-virus software, backup software)
- Compilers
- Interpreters
- Debuggers
- Linkers